Tuesday, 25 February 2014

Intro


HOLDING DADDYS HAND: MEANDERING THROUGH AUSTRALIAN FAMILY LORE
Intro                                                                                                                                         
Some 50,000 couples will divorce in Australia this year. A middle class divorce can cost you $ 15- $80K (plus) in legal fees if contested. You may lose 65% of the value of your home equity and savings, and another 5-10% to lawyers and real estate agents. If you divorce while the kids are under the age of 16, your time with your children is determined by a judge and will be extremely limited. There will be  inordinate delays of up to 2 years while its all sorted out. Australian no fault divorce system is in complete melt down right now, hugely expensive, and very nasty and very bitter. Because they charge by the hour lawyers just don’t have any incentive to tell you the big picture as to how your divorce will unfold. Nonetheless do get comprehensive legal advice early, and sad as this is, play the awful system we have for all its worth. Women take huge advantage of the current malaise. As a first measure however if you can avoid the court system by doing a private deal with your spouse  do so at all costs- the formal system is hopelessly inefficient, especially brutish, maximises conflict, and is deeply ideological. Despite the promise that no fault divorce in Australia would ease tensions, it’s a social experiment that’s become  a huge social policy failure, living up to very few of the objectives its original advocates had envisaged. 
BUT FIRST A LEGAL WARNING (which isn’t as long as the one on a US ski pass). HERE IT IS – hey, you can’t sue us. Ever. This is a “dummy’s blog” mate; it’s not a guide. We are not lawyers, well 2 of us were sort of law students, but like  way too  many years ago, and never qualified. Rather this is the reformatted diary of a few middle class daddies slog through the morass of Australian divorce law. A brain dump and a plea for law reform.  This isn’t legal advice- it’s a series of diaries, thoughts and war stories, and much of the legal stuff may be wrong, will be out of date, or is our misunderstood synopsis of what we were told and then our take on that. It’s just that lawyers don’t tell you what the lie of the land is until after the event. And will charge you $ 50K to get out of first gear. So here’s our take- just read at your peril. Most importantly pay for your own legal advice;  ya bludger !  And it’s been sanitised to mix events across divorces, obscure the identities of all of those involved, with names  and nationalities and characters chosen at random, clearly wrong, always changed, and mixed together. You cross indemnify us in the sum of $2 billion, just by reading this. Don’t act on it. But think.

Overview
1.       You may exit by the forward stairs at anytime-  Since 1975, Australian marriage breakdowns have been governed by  a legislated  concept of no fault divorce; however while  fault is not relevant to initiate the divorce process, the courts interpret that to mean that fault really is relevant to what assets you get allocated and when you are allowed to see your children. “No fault” divorce in Australia is immensely adversarial, in large part because lawyers who control the system are incentivised to devise ways to make it so.  So right now “no fault divorce” in Australia simply means that either spouse can walk away from a marriage (or cohabiting relationship, an issue not dealt with in this blog) at any point. To instigate a modern divorce a person no longer has to prove there was an affair, or that your spouse was  unreasonable, a drunk, committed some crime, or had abandoned the family.  Either spouse can just say they have had enough, even if the direct cause of the split is trivial or serious, or one partner gets cancer and the other frankly just can’t be bothered, your sex life is dead as a doddo, menopause v andropause, or simply a financial desire to control assets if future earnings of the main bread winner become uncertain.  

2.       “For better or worse” is a religious vow, and an option: the law says it was never an agreement. “No fault” means “no notice, at will, each hour, for any reason at all, venal or otherwise. Marriage is really just dating with an obligation that should it fall apart you will look after your kids, divide your asset base based on a coin toss, and enrich the lawyers. Whether the no fault system is good for all partners, bad for kids, or inevitable given other societal changes in attitudes and economics,  is irrelevant to your situation. Optional relationships are where we are at. Modern Australian marriage is really like a career in a large corporate - there is simply no safety net anymore. Other nations also do no fault divorce, in different ways, and some think that no fault divorce is a horrid social experiment still being played out and that it’s social cost well outweighs benefits to individual freedom. Whatever your views, you should read this blog; for whether you go to court or not the legal process will impact your split up because at some point your spouse will get separate advice from her mates or lawyers, and will condition her behaviour accordingly.

Marriage is dying as a legitimate institution, is being adopted by the LBGT community,  an issue beyond the scope of this blog. There are lots of reasons to divorce

"'These Boots Are Made For Walking': Why Most Divorce Filers Are Women" Margaret  Brinig and  Douglas Allen (2000) Am Law Econ Rev (2000) 126. “children are the most important asset in a marriage and the partner who expects to get custody is by far the one most likely to file for divorce………….women certain they will get custody, they divorce specifically in order to gain full control over the children."



3.       Just another shrimp on the barbie- Many of us, when married, assume that an Australian no fault divorce will simply result in the law ensuring a quick and decent equal sharing of property and equal sharing of time with the children. That’s what its promoters promised;  but not one of these assumptions is correct. Our 39 year experiment with trying to give effect to “no fault divorce” remains especially wobbly. The process we have ended up with to give effect to no fault divorce suffers from a number of systemic problems:

·         Traffic lights are out – There is no Family Law; rather there is Family Lore. Australia has a system of “discretionary justice”, whereby judges consider each case on its own facts and divide property as they see fit. Given the plethora of reasons to divorce, and what can happen afterwards,  it sort of sounds sensible,  on its face. Unfortunately the lack of rules results in lots of game playing, contrivances, and huge delays. The system apparently worked when divorces were few in a number but the “bespoke justice “ system has now utterly collapsed.

·         Little Fockers. There are also no rules on how to parent the kids going forward. The community wants equal parenting time and a law was passed to this effect by John Howard, but this was undermined by Aunty Julia. The courts just flatly refuse to comply with community expectations of equal parenting, and instead subject your family to a 2 year queue through the court system at a huge financial and emotional cost. At the end they favour one parent as the primary caregiver (almost inevitably the women, and in the leading case, even though he had been a stay at home dad). Men and woman can’t agree a default base case , so the courts are chockers with individual analysis of each family on a case by case basis. That means no rules with long queues and bitterness in the courts. Time with the kids is, in all but words, an issue of who is at fault (who is the better parent, but in practice it’s all about hurling fault based allegations and paying dosh to lawyers), but dressed up as an ideological assertion about stability for the kids.   

·         Dick the Butcher was right . Former Attorney Generals Murphy and Ellicott tried to “de lawyer” the process; but only succeeded in part. So currently we have “no fault in theory, but hugely adversarial in practice” family law system. The 1975 Act didn’t explicitly say “oi, don’t bring back fault based divorce by any other means, you stupid boofheads” so the lawyers have ensured the system itself is still bitter and nasty because that’s what litigation does.  The Australian experiment with lawyers controlling no fault divorce is about as successful as the attempt to make capitalism work in Russia post 1990: leaving the KGB guys in control meant they reverted to type. So to while in legal form lawyers apply the Family Law Act 1975,  in substance they still apply the lessons they derived from The Matrimonial Causes Act 1959. Individually nice people and not in this game for cash- but nonetheless their economic incentives highly correlate with outcomes. In any event instead of speed or simplicity our community pays for partial fault divorce via high transaction costs,  delayed justice, and perverse outcomes driven by a profession focused on form, not substance; slogans not outcome optimisation.  The Family Court, when established was a neat idea but is now a scary vortex, with long delays. Reform after reform of its processes by both Liberal and Labor Parliaments over the last 38 years have failed time and again. The lesson of the Australian experiment is that for the no fault divorce to work the lawyers with their time based costing incentives, have to assist, not control, the process. No fault divorce doesn’t work with lawyers traditional obligations to maximise their clients “best case” spins straight across the best interests of the children. Divorce can be deeply bitter, but the lawyers ensure it is. And any sense of decency? As The Bingle would say: where the bloody hell are you?  

·         No Man Date  - The family has been a central unit of society for many centuries and the unravelling of “the family unit” has simply not been well received. There is no unifying theme in The Family Law Act; it’s a huge mess and looks awfully like something drafted by the guys at the Tax Office at 4 am, after a boozy staff party. The 1975 changes were imposed, not really ever sold by politicians, and enacted with limited community input or comprehension. Hence frustration and disgust is directed at Family Court judges themselves, or the family lawyers- the people delivering the message. Although sometimes, frankly, the Family Court and their buddies don’t deliver the message- they also invent it. These problems are compounded by intolerance - the system fights and squirms against attempts at reform so even when there is widespread community consensus, such as the case for joint parenting, then the lawyers argue that the area should “really be left to the experts” and thus they actively subvert the “no fault political deal” and LOL at the law.   Expecting lawyers to mould discretions is like asking teenagers to be careful with alcohol. Its time for some rules; the courts are as inept as anyone else with open ended discretions and only Parliament can make specific risk trade-offs. Lawyers can do form and process well, but on matters of substance they get lost.  

·         Anger Management screens  on Channel 9 on Thursday night: otherwise fuggedaboutit - The system is simply not built to address and diffuse the inevitable anger that arises in respect of a relationship breakdown, and so anger  cascades through the system. Firstly, no fault divorce has not decreased the temperature at all; and mainly that’s because we have no agreed rules; “it’s a jungle out there”. The Family Courts aren’t really courts, they are allocative bureaucracies. And hugely ideological, which makes matters worse, because they just aren’t perceived as referees at all. Secondly, as to personal anger, the system deals with anger through” processes”- which mean a form based avoidance of addressing the underlying issues and thus maximising the emotional ride. Anger is thus deployed in issues about child access, the making of extravagant legal claims, or in more nefarious ways. Thirdly the Family Court as  a dispute resolution mechanism has  completely broken down. Anger arises at the delays as much as it does the outcomes. And fourthly some not insignificant part of the family law bar are just ambulance chasers and the court has very little to zero control over them. Ask lawyers from other parts of the profession and you get the same answer;  they tend to be regarded as smug little child traffickers. The incumbents, of course, hold anger to be innate, all about Mens Rights nutters, and so their solution is all about passing more laws and more lists, rather than focusing on substantive concerns. The system needs to be run by logistics experts at the behest of psychologists and counsellors. Clinging to the “lawyers first ” paradigm is a core and chronic problem.



4.       YOLO- so you will face a choice, if your ex-spouse hates mediation and just wants a scrap, and has been told by her mates to “use that broken down family law system and take him to the far king cleaners”. Because, despite no fault divorce, that can still be done. Option 1 , means  you can become all bitter and angry at the fraud of this failed social experiment. You can get angry that 50-50 isn’t the deal, the courts are just hopelessly unfair, and that you are being screwed over by some lawyer who has a direct financial reward for gaming the system and making your separation much more indecent and drawn out than it should have been.  If this you, then join a men’s rights group, or head to the pub and rant, for there is indeed systemic bias  against men, its an awful system,  and you are powerless to address systemic flaws. As a bloke, being powerless is not something that comes easy at all. Especially  when it involves those kids of yours this is a rough ride emotionally, for you are genetically programmed to protect them. Some of this bit isn’t understood by The Women Who Now Run The System, and thus disgust gets taken on the Court, as an institution, itself. But look, frankly, turning up in the Family Court complaining about how their system doesn’t work actually backfires: you are just not entitled to complain in Court about how awful and irresponsible the legal experiment truly is. They don’t do dissent- that attracts the “male anger” label and gets ignored by the incumbents who own the system. If you want to do that lobby your MP because it’s a systemic issue. The Family Court and the lawyers are addicted to what we currently have and won’t change. Lobbying for change of the law is good, but it won’t affect your family, and when you are gone the lawyers will change the rules, yet again, to favour the incumbents. Option 2, if you have money, is that you can sue everyone in sight - and while cathartic that takes your eye off the ball- well, you focus on the fight not on the welfare of your kids. The lawyers will be better off and get paid to dispute everything. Yet beware that even if you do “win in court”  over a long period, there is an even bigger problem.  Because of the courts focus on ideology, there has just been no time in the last 38 years to evolve any sort of compliance culture in the family lore courts. So litigation is a waste of everything; only an expensive way to signal your anger. You are better off spending money on the kids that on the Billy Goats Gruff who control the causeway of life.  Or Option 3 is that you can pay up more than your equal share , agree to maintenance, acquiesce to seeing your kids only occasionally, and move on. For at the end of the day that’s what family law is about: a price to be paid, a toll bridge in life controlled by unelected lawyers going mad on mescalin. Frankly, while unfair, the faster you bend over, take it, and move on the better for you, and your kids. The current family lore process is an enormous tax on society, deferring decisions, making people hopelessly unproductive, churning huge Wonga for lawyers, and destroying lives. Fighting is hard, bitter, and subtracts from other enjoyments in your limited life and that of your kids. You face a system built by and supporting an army of exhausted suburban solicitors, doe eyed junior barristers, specialist family shark lawyers, ideological judges, smug senior barristers very often of limited intellectual pedigree, over worked mediators, well-meaning academics, good willed counsellors, and talk therapists trying as best they can to get a word in edge ways. They aint giving up and they play this game a lot. Pay up. Move on. If you are thinking of separating, give serious thought to doing what many who are exposed to the system do: wait until the kids have left home, find some way to get hold of the assets in your control, or enough cash to last out 2-3  years during the melt down, and then file. No fault divorce, Australian style,  is no different really from fault based divorce at all in substance.
Pay a lawyer . But first buy  a guide and save on lawyers’ fees. With the extortionate costs of litigating many people self-represent. We don’t suggest you do this as you get done over and the lawyers out gun you- it’s a bit like the false economy of not using a motor mechanic. If you are going to fight , you need to go in with all guns blazing, no matter how wasteful it all is.
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1 comment:

  1. See also
    http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2985&context=artspapers

    ReplyDelete